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10.4.2 Using Convenience Libraries
To rebuild `libtrim' as a convenience library (see section Creating Convenience Libraries),
use the following commands:
| $ rm hello *.la
$ ls
hello.c hello.lo hello.o main.c trim.c trim.lo trim.o
$ libtool gcc -o libtrim.la trim.lo
rm -fr .libs/libtrim.la .libs/libtrim.* .libs/libtrim.*
ar cru .libs/libtrim.al trim.lo
ranlib .libs/libtrim.al
creating libtrim.la
(cd .libs && rm -f libtrim.la && ln -s ../libtrim.la libtrim.la)
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Then, rebuild `libhello', with an inter-library dependency on
`libtrim' (see section 10.4.1 Inter-library Dependencies), like this:
| $ libtool gcc -rpath `pwd`/_inst -o libhello.la hello.lo libtrim.la
rm -fr .libs/libhello.la .libs/libhello.* .libs/libhello.*
*** Warning: inter-library dependencies are not known to be supported.
*** All declared inter-library dependencies are being dropped.
*** The inter-library dependencies that have been dropped here will be
*** automatically added whenever a program is linked with this library
*** or is declared to -dlopen it.
rm -fr .libs/libhello.lax
mkdir .libs/libhello.lax
rm -fr .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al
mkdir .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al
(cd .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al && ar x /tmp/./.libs/libtrim.al)
/opt/gcc-lib/hp821/2.7.0/ld -b +h libhello.sl.0 +b /tmp/hello/_inst \
-o .libs/libhello.sl.0.0 hello.lo .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al/trim.lo
(cd .libs && rm -f libhello.sl.0 && ln -s libhello.sl.0.0 libhello.sl.0)
(cd .libs && rm -f libhello.sl && ln -s libhello.sl.0.0 libhello.sl)
rm -fr .libs/libhello.lax
mkdir .libs/libhello.lax
rm -fr .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al
mkdir .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al
(cd .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al && ar x /tmp/hello/./.libs/libtrim.al)
ar cru .libs/libhello.a hello.o .libs/libhello.lax/libtrim.al/trim.lo
ranlib .libs/libhello.a
rm -fr .libs/libhello.lax .libs/libhello.lax
creating libhello.la
(cd .libs && rm -f libhello.la && ln -s ../libhello.la libhello.la)
$ ls
hello.c hello.o libtrim.la trim.c trim.o
hello.lo libhello.la main.c trim.lo
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Compare this to the previous example of building `libhello' and you
can see that things are rather different. On HP-UX, partial
linking is not known to work, so libtool extracts the objects
from the convenience library, and links them directly into
`libhello'. That is, `libhello' is comprised of its own
objects and the objects in `libtrim'. If `libtrim' had
had any dependencies, `libhello' would have inherited them too.
This technique is especially useful for grouping source files into
subdirectories, even though all of the objects compiled in the
subdirectories must eventually reside in a big library: compile the
sources in each into a convenience library, and in turn link
all of these into a single library which will then contain all of the
constituent objects and dependencies of the various convenience
libraries.
When you relink the hello executable, notice that
`libtrim' is not linked, because the `libtrim'
objects are already present in `libhello':
| $ libtool gcc -o hello main.c libhello.la
libtool: link: warning: this platform does not like uninstalled
libtool: link: warning: shared libraries
libtool: link: hello will be relinked during installation
gcc -o .libs/hello main.c /tmp/intro-hello/.libs/libhello.sl \
-Wl,+b -Wl,/tmp/intro-hello/.libs:/usr/local/lib
creating hello
$ ./hello
Hello, World!
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